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Diffuse

Color – The diffuse color of the material. Note: the actual diffuse color of the surface also depends on the reflection and refraction colors.

Diffuse Roughness – Used to simulate rough surfaces or surfaces covered with dust (for example, skin, or the surface of the Moon). 

Opacity

Color — Controls the transparency of the material where white is opaque, and black is fully transparent.

Self-illumination

Color –  The self-illumination color of the material.

Self-Illumination Affects GI – When enabled, the self-illumination affects global illumination rays and allows the surface to cast light on nearby objects. Note, however, that it may be more efficient to use area lights or Light node for this effect. 

Compensate Camera Exposure – When enabled, the intensity of the Self-Illumination will be adjusted to compensate the exposure correction from the VRayPhysicalCamera.

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BRDF Type – Determines the type of BRDF (the shape of the highlight). 

GGX – GGX Microfacet highlight/reflections. Specular highlights have a bright center with a longer falloff.
Phong – Phong highlight/reflections. Specular highlights have a bright center with no falloff.
Blinn – Blinn highlight/reflections. Specular highlights have a bright center with a tight falloff.
Ward – Ward highlight/reflections. Specular highlights have a bright center with a falloff broader than Blinn, but tighter than Microfacet GTR (GGX).

Color – Specifies the reflection color of the material. Note that the reflection color dims the diffuse surface color. 

 Glossiness –  Controls the sharpness of reflections. A value of 1.0 means perfect mirror-like reflection; lower values produce blurry or glossy reflections. Use the Reflection Subdivs parameter below to control the quality of glossy reflections.

 GGX Tail Falloff – Controls the transition from highlighted areas to non-highlighted areas when the BRDF Type is set to GGX.

Metalness – Controls the reflection model of the material from dielectric (metalness 0.0) to metallic (metalness 1.0). Note that intermediate values between 0.0 and 1.0 do not correspond to any physical material. This parameter can be used with PBR setups coming from other applications. The reflection color should typically be set to white for real world materials.

Use Roughness –  This option controls how Glossiness is interpreted. When Use Roughness is selected, the Glossiness inverse value is used. For example, if Glossiness  is set to 1.0 and Use Roughness is selected, this will result in diffuse shading. Conversely, if Glossiness is set to 0.0 and Use Roughness is selected, this will result in sharp reflection highlights. 

Fresnel

Fresnel Reflections — When enabled, makes the reflection strength dependent on the viewing angle of the surface. Some materials in nature (glass etc) reflect light in this manner. Note that the Fresnel effect depends on the index of refraction as well. S

Lock Fresnel IOR – Allows the user to unlock the Fresnel IOR parameter for finer control over the reflections.

Fresnel IOR –  The Index of reflection to use when calculating Fresnel reflections. Normally, this is locked to the Refraction IOR parameter, but you can unlock it for finer control.

Anisotropy

Anisotropy (-1..1) –  Determines the shape of the highlight. A value of 0.0 means isotropic highlights. Negative and positive values simulate "brushed" surfaces. 

Anisotropy Rotation – Determines the orientation of the anisotropic effect in a float value between 0.0 and 1.0 (where 0.0 is 0 degrees and 1.0 is 360 degrees). 

UV Vectors Derivation – Specifies the method for deriving anisotropy axes:

Local object axis – Uses a local axis for the anisotropy effect. 
Specified UVW generator – Allows the user to assign a UVW Generator for the anisotropy effect.

Anisotropy Axis – Specifies a local object axis for the anisotropy effect when UV Vectors Derivation is set to Local object axis.

Thin Film

Enable Thin Film – Enables the Thin Film parameter.

Thickness Min (nm) – Determines the minimum thickness of the thin film in nanometers. If no Thickness Blend is applied, only this value is used for the thickness of the thin film.

Thickness Max (nm) – Determines the maximum thickness of the thin film in nanometers. This option is only available when Thickness Blend is applied.

Thickness Blend – Allows a map to be attached that blends the thickness values. If no map is applied, only the Min Thickness value is used to determine thickness.

Thin Film IOR – Specifies the reflective index of the thin film. A texture can be attached to this slot.

Texture – Specifies a texture file to be used for the Thin Film IOR.

Mix Strength – Specifies the blend amount for the texture file.

Reflection Advanced

Trace Reflections – Check this option to enable reflections for the material.

Max Depth – The number of times a ray can be reflected. Scenes with lots of reflective and refractive surfaces may require higher values to look correct.

Enable Dim Distance – Allows you to stop tracing reflection rays after a certain distance.

Dim Distance – Specifies a distance after which the reflection rays will not be traced.

Dim Fall-off – A fall off radius for the dim distance.

Reflect on Back Side – When disabled, V-Ray calculates reflections for the front side of objects only. Checking it makes V-Ray calculate the reflections for the back sides of objects too.

Soften – Softens the edge of the BRDF at light/shadow transitions.

Affect Channels – Specifies which channels are affected by the reflectivity of the material.

Color Only – The reflectivity will affect only the RGB channel of the final render.
Color+alpha – Causes the material to transmit the alpha of the reflected objects, instead of displaying an opaque alpha.
All channels – All channels and render elements will be affected by the reflectivity of the material.

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Refraction Glossiness – Controls the sharpness of refractions. A value of 1.0 means perfect glass-like refraction; lower values produce blurry or glossy refractions. 

Refraction IOR –  Index of refraction for the material, which describes the way light bends when crossing the material surface. A value of 1.0 means the light will not change direction. 

Affect Shadows – This parameter causes the material to cast transparent shadows to create a simple caustic effect dependent on the refraction color and the fog color. For accurate caustic calculations, disable this parameter and instead enable Caustics. Simultaneous usage of both Caustics and Affects Shadows can be used for artistic purposes but does not produce a physically correct result.

Refract Thin Walled – When enabled, the Fog Scattering mode is set to SSS. It simulates thin translucent surfaces such as soap bubble, leaves, curtains, etc. The SSS color defines the backside color, while the SSS amount controls the translucency effect.

Translucency

Translucency Type – Selects the algorithm for calculating translucency (also called sub-surface scattering). Note that refraction must be enabled for this effect to be visible.

None – When selected, the only available parameters are the Fog color and Fog depth. Together with the Refraction color, they determine the attenuation of light as it passes through the material. In this mode, there is no subsurface scattering.
Volumetric – Works together with the Refraction color to scatter light inside the object. It is useful for liquids and other highly transparent materials. The Refraction color and Refraction glossiness determine respectively how much of the interior of the object is visible and how rays interact with the object’s surface.
SSS – Works independently of the Refraction color/Glossiness and is useful for skin, wax, marble and other relatively opaque materials.

None

Fog color – The attenuation of light as it passes through the material. This option helps simulate the fact that thick objects look less transparent than thin objects. Note that the effect of the fog color depends on the absolute size of the objects and is therefore scene-dependent. 

Depth (cm) – Controls the strength of the fog effect. Higher values reduce the effect of the fog, making the material more transparent. Smaller values increase the fog effect, making the material more opaque.

Volumetric

SSS amount – Blends between full scattering and pure refraction.

Scatter color – Controls the scattering. This parameter can be mapped with a texture.

Fog color – Controls the absorption of the material. This parameter can be mapped with a texture.

Depth (cm) – Controls the strength of the fog effect. Higher values reduce the effect of the fog, making the material more transparent. Smaller values increase the fog effect, making the material more opaque.

SSS

SSS amount – Blends between the diffuse color of the material and the SSS effect by reducing the diffuse component of the material and replacing it with the sub-surface scattering effect.

SSS color – Determines the overall surface appearance. This parameter can be mapped with a texture.

Scatter radius – Controls how far each of the red/green/components travels inside the volume. This parameter can be mapped with a texture.

Scale (cm) – Controls the strength of the SSS effect.

Refraction Advanced

Trace Refractions – Enables refractions for the current material.

Max Depth – The number of times a ray can be refracted. Scenes with lots of refractive and reflective surfaces may require higher values to look correct.

Affect Alpha – Allows the user to specify which channels are going to be affected by the transparency of the material.

Color Only – The transparency affects only the RGB channel of the final render.
Color+alpha – This will cause the material to transmit the alpha of the refracted objects, instead of displaying an opaque alpha. 
All channels – All channels and render elements are affected by the transparency of the material.

Enable Dispersion –  Enables the calculation of true light wavelength dispersion. 

Aberration – Allows the user to increase or decrease the dispersion effect. Lowering it widens the dispersion and vice versa.

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