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Default Lights – Enables the usage of the default lights when there are no light objects in the scene or when you have disabled lighting globally with the Use Lights parameter.

Shadows – Enables shadows globally.

Disable Light Materials Illumination – When enabled, all self-illuminated materials used in the scene do not render. 

Light Evaluation Mode – Determines how lights are sampled in scenes with many lights. For more information, see the Adaptive Lights example below. 

Full Lights Evaluation – V-Ray goes through each scene light and evaluates it at each shading point. In scenes with many lights and lots of GI bounces, this leads to a lot of shadow rays being traced and rendering can become extremely slow. When GPU rendering, this introduces probabilistic light calculations but does not allow the Number of Lights parameter to be set. Older V-Ray scenes with the Probabilistic Lights parameter disabled, will default to using this option. 
Light Tree – V-Ray selects a variable number of suitable finite light sources based on proximity and evaluates only those. This mode may speed up the Light Cache and Brute Force calculations for scenes with lots of lights. It can also reduce flickering due to missed light sources.
Adaptive Lights – Uses information from the Light cache to determine which lights to sample. If a Light cache is not used, light tree sampling is used. Depending on the scene, it can be faster than the Full lights evaluation mode. For more information, see the Adaptive Lights example below. 

Number of Lights – Number of lights from the scene that are evaluated by V-Ray when the Light evaluation parameter is to either Adaptive or Uniform Probabilistic. To achieve a positive effect from probabilistic light sampling, this value must be lower than the actual number of lights in the scene. Lower values make the rendering go faster, but the result is potentially more noisy. Higher values cause more lights to be computed at each hit point, thus producing less noise but increasing render times.

Consistent Lighting Elements – When enabled, provides more accurate, artifact-free lighting render elements not dependent on light sampling. It also provides better support for Adaptive dome light. 

LightSelect Metadata – When enabled, writes LlightSelect RE metadata to image headers if supported by the file format.

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Reflection / Refraction – Enables (default) or disables the calculation of reflections and refractions in V-Ray maps and materials.

Glossy Effects – Enables (default) or disables the rendering of glossy effects.

SSS – Enables (default) or disables the rendering of sub-surface scattering effects.

Global Max Depth – Enables global limiting of the reflection/refraction depth. When this is disabled, the depth is controlled locally by materials. When this option is enabled, all materials use the Max depth specified in this rollout.

Global Max Depth – Specifies the maximum depth when Global Max Depth is checked. To disable reflections/refractions altogether, set this value to 0.

Max. Transparency Levels – The depth to which transparent objects are traced.

Transparency Cutoff – Determines when tracing of transparent objects is stopped. If the accumulated transparency of a ray is below this threshold, no further tracing is performed.

No Material Color – Specifies a default material color when no material is assigned.

Material Override – Enables or disables (default) material override. See Material Override workflow below for more information on how to work with this option.

Mode – Specifies the override mode. You can choose between Material, Lighting, AO, Wireframe, Normal, UV, and Barycentric. 

Material – Overrides the scene materials when rendering.
Lighting – Renders only the light contribution in the scene.
AO – Shows only the ambient occlusion in the scene.
Wireframe – Shows the rendered objects in wireframe.
Normal – Shows the normals of the rendered objects.
UV – Displays the UV coordinates of the rendered objects in color grade.
Barycentric – Displays the Barycentric coordinates of the rendered objects.

Material – Specifies a material that overrides the scene materials when rendering. All objects are rendered with the chosen material if one is selected, or with their default wireframe materials if no material is specified.

Pattern Mode – An override for selection or object pattern.

Override For – Specifies the objects to be overridden. An asterisks * means that all objects are overridden.

Use Subdivision Displacement from MaterialsOverride Material – Available when Material Override is enabled.

. Overrides the displacement/subdivision settings for the selected Override For objects. If the override material has a Displacement VOP inside, it is used. If such a VOP is not present, no displacement is applied to the selected Override For objects.

Out Of Core (WIP) – Enables an experimental feature for evicting triangle meshes out of the GPU memory when they are no longer needed in order to make room for other resources, once the GPU device(s) run out of memory. This option is available for V-Ray GPU only and is not yet supported for RTX.

Abort Rendering On Missing Asset – When enabled, the scene does not render if an asset fails to load.

Low Thread Priority – When enabled, uses below-normal worker thread priority, giving more CPU time to other running tasks

Render threads – Determines the number of threads used for rendering. When this value is set to 0, V-Ray uses all the CPU cores available on the machine. 

Don't Render Final Image – When enabled, V-Ray only calculates the relevant global illumination maps (photon maps, light maps, irradiance maps) and the final image is not rendered. This is a useful option if for calculating maps for a fly-through animation.

Secondary Ray Bias – A small positive offset that is applied to all secondary rays; this can be used if you have overlapping faces in the scene to avoid the black splotches that may appear. For more information, see The Secondary Rays Bias example below.

Clamp Max Ray Intensity – Uses the Max ray intensity value to suppress the contribution of very bright rays, which can typically cause excessive noise (fireflies) in the rendered image. The Max Ray Intensity value is applied to all secondary (GI/reflection/refraction) rays as opposed to the final image samples, allowing fireflies to be effectively suppressed without losing too much HDR information in the final image.

Max Ray Intensity – The maximum ray intensity when Clamp Max Ray Intensity is enabled.

Note: The effect of using Max Ray Intensity and Clamp Max Ray Intensity is similar to the effect of using Subpixel Mapping and Clamp Output options on the Color Mapping tab. Similar to the Subpixel mapping option, Max Ray Intensity introduces bias in the rendered image, and it might turn out to be darker than the actual correct result.

GI Texture Filtering Multiplier – Controls the filtering of all the textures in the scene when Global Illumination is calculated. Greater values make textures blurrier while smaller values make them sharper.

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Use Embree – Enables the Intel^® Embree raycaster. For more information, please see the Use Embree example below.

Use Embree For Motion Blur – Enables the usage of the Embree library for motion-blurred objects.

Use Embree For Hair – When enabled, V-Ray uses the Embree library to speed up the rendering of hair.

Conserve Memory – Embree uses a more compact method for storing triangles, which is slightly slower but reduces memory usage.

Use Ray Packets – When enabled, the raycasting process traces packets (groupings) of rays instead of single rays. This is an experimental feature which might improve rendering speed depending on the scene.

Default Geometry – Determines the type of geometry for polygonal data. You can choose between Auto, Static and Dynamic.

Auto – Some objects are compiled as static geometry, while others as dynamic. V-Ray makes the decision on which type to use based on the face count for an object and the number of its instances in the scene.
Static – All geometry is precompiled into an acceleration structure at the beginning of the rendering and remains there until the end of the frame. The static raycasters are not limited in any way and consume as much memory as necessary.
Dynamic – Geometry is loaded and unloaded on the fly depending on which part of the scene is being rendered. The total memory taken up by the dynamic raycasters can be controlled by the  Dynamic memory limit parameter.

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Override Meters Scale – Overrides the systemic meters scale.

Meters Scale – Sets the number by which a 3D distance must be multiplied to convert it into meters.

Override Photometric Scale – Overrides the systemic photometric scale.

Photometric Scale – Sets the number by which the power of photometric lights should be scaled when rendering.

Override Seconds Scale – Overrides the systemic seconds scale.

Seconds Scale – Sets the number by which a scene time unit must be multiplied to convert it to seconds.

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Store VFB History Settings on ROP – When enabled, stores the VFB history on ROP.

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Reset Log Window Position – Resets the position of V-Ray Log Window.

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