This page provides information on the V-Ray Dome Light.
Overview
V-Ray Dome Light shines inward at the scene as if from a spherical or hemispherical light source outside the scene extents. This light is frequently used for Image-Based lighting using panoramic HDR images as environments.
UI Paths
||V-Ray Asset Editor|| > Lights (right-click) > Dome Light
||V-Ray Asset Editor|| > Create Asset (left-click) > Lights > Dome Light
||V-Ray Lights Toolbar|| > Dome Light (left-click) > Dome Light at point tool
||V-Ray Lights Toolbar|| > Dome Light (right-click) > Dome Light as sphere tool
Rhino Menus Ribbon
||V-Ray|| > Lights > Dome Light
Parameters
Enabled (
) – Turns the V-Ray Dome Light on and off.
Color/Texture HDR – Specifies the color of the light. A high dynamic range texture can be used. Make sure that the map checkbox is enabled for the texture to take effect.
A bitmap image (HDRI) connected to the Dome Light automatically uses a UVWGenEnvironment Spherical Mapping Type placement. The rotation of the image can be adjusted from the Bitmap UVW options using the Vertical and Horizontal rotation parameters. For more information, see the Bitmap page.
Intensity – Specifies the strength of the light.
Units – Specifies the light unit of measurement. The light automatically takes the scene units scale into consideration to produce а correct result. Using correct units is essential for working with physical camera exposure.
Default (Scalar) – The color and multiplier directly determine the visible color of the light without any conversion. The light surface appears with the given color in the final image when seen directly by the camera.
Luminous Power (Lumens) – Total emitted visible light power measured in lumens. The intensity of the light does not depend on its size. A typical 100W incandescent light bulb emits about 1500 lumens of light.
Luminance (lm/m^2/sr) – Visible light surface power measured in lumens per square meter per steradian. The intensity of the light depends on its size.
Radiant Power (W) – Total emitted visible light power measured in watts. The intensity of the light does not depend on its size. This is not the same as the electric power consumed by a light bulb for example. A typical 100W light bulb only emits between 2 and 3 watts as visible light.
Radiance (W/m^2/sr) – Visible light surface power measured in watts per square meter per steradian. The intensity of the light depends on its size.
Shape – Controls whether the Dome light covers the entire scene or only half above the horizon. See the Shape of Dome Light example below for illustration.
Finite Dome – Enables the finite dome projection mode. If enabled, the dome light becomes a finite half dome with ground. See the Placing objects into HDRIs using finite dome light example below.
Radius – Specifies the radius of the projection.
Projection Height – Specifies the camera height for the projection.
Ground blend – Specifies the blending amount between the finite ground and upper hemisphere.
Use Transform – When enabled, the HDRI texture locks to the orientation of the V-Ray Dome widget and allows them to rotate together in the scene.
Adaptive – Enables the Adaptive Dome Light sampling method. Note that Light Cache has to be selected as a secondary GI engine in order for this optimization to work. This limitation does not apply to the V-Ray GPU engine.
Options
Invisible – When enabled, the shape of the light source is not visible in the render result. When disabled, the source is rendered in the current light color. This only affects the visibility of the light when seen directly by the camera or through refractions. The visibility of the light with respect to reflections is controlled by the Affect Specular option.
Shadows – When enabled (the default), the light casts shadows. When disabled, the light does not cast shadows.
Affect Alpha – Determines whether the Dome Light is visible in the Alpha channel of the render. When enabled, the alpha is white and the background is visible. When disabled, the alpha is black and the background is visible.
Affect Diffuse – When enabled, the light affects the diffuse properties of the materials.
Affect Specular – When enabled, the light affects the specular of the materials.
Affect Reflections – When enabled, the light appears in the reflections of materials.
Texture Resolution 1 – Specifies the dimensions at which the texture is resampled for importance sampling.
Textures attached to the Color/Texture HDR slot are controlled only by the Texture Resolution parameter and ignore the GPU Texture mode.
Caustic Subdivs – Controls the amount of photons that V-Ray traces to estimate caustics. Lower values produce noisy results but faster rendering. Higher values produce smooth results but take more time.
Target Radius – Defines a sphere around the light icon where photons are being shot, when photon-mapped caustics or global photon map are used.
Emit Distance – Defines a sphere around the light icon from which photons are being shot towards the target radius area.
Example: Background
This example shows how the render changes according to the visibility of the Dome light and the map attached as a Color/Texture.
Dome Light is Invisible
Dome Light is Invisible, a gradient map is set as a Background
Dome Light is Invisible, Background is set to Black
Dome Light is visible, Background is an HDRI map
Example: Shape of Dome Light
The example below shows the difference between the two types of Dome Light - a sphere or a hemisphere. When a sphere is used the projection of the HDRI goes below the horizon, while when a hemisphere is selected, the render is halved in two by the horizon.
Example: Placing objects into HDRIs using finite dome light
Notes
- Left-clicking the Dome Light V-Ray toolbar button leads to creating a Dome light at a specified point, and right-clicking – as a spherical dome light. These options are also available in the vrayLightDome command.
- When using V-Ray GPU, the Texture Resolution parameter also affects the background resolution.